1.1 Institution of higher education

UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY OF CRAIOVA

1.2 Faculty

Faculty of DENTISTRY

1.3 Department

1

1.4 Study Domain

HEALTH

1.5 Study cycle

LICENCE

1.6 Study program/ Qualification

DENTAL MEDICINE

2.1 DISCIPLINE NAME

PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY

2.2. Discipline code         

MD21203

2.3 The holder of course activities

Mărgăritescu Claudiu

2.4 The holder of seminar activities

Mărgăritescu Claudiu

2.5.Academic degree        

Professor

2.6. Employment (base norm/associate)

Base norm

2.7. Year of study

II

2.8. Semester

I/II

2.9. Course type (content)²⁾

FD

2.10. Regime of discipline (compulsoriness)³⁾

ID

3.1 Number of hours per week

3

From witch - 3.2 course

1

3.3 seminary/laboratory

2

3.4 Total hours in curriculum

42

From witch - 3.5 course

14

3.6 seminary/laboratory

14

Time found distribution (hours)

Study by manual, course support, bibliography, and notes

10

Additional documentation in the library, specialized electronic platforms and,  on the field

8

Training seminars / labs, homework, reports, portfolios, and essays

8

Tutoring

Examinations

4

Other activities... counselling, student circles

3

3.7 Total hours of individual study

33

3.9 Total hours per semester

75

3.10 Number of credits⁾

 3

3.1 Number of hours per week

2

From witch - 3.2 course

1

3.3 seminary/laboratory

1

3.4 Total hours in curriculum

28

From witch - 3.5 course

14

3.6 seminary/laboratory

14

Time found distribution (hours)

Study by manual, course support, bibliography, and notes

15

Additional documentation in the library, specialized electronic platforms and,  on the field

10

Training seminars / labs, homework, reports, portfolios, and essays

10

Tutoring

Examinations

5

Other activities... counselling, student circles

7

3.7 Total hours of individual study

47

3.9 Total hours per semester

75

3.10 Number of credits⁾

 3

4.1 curriculum

Students must have extensive knowledge of anatomy, histology, physiology, biochemistry

4.2 competency

5.1. of curse  deployment

-Classroom with projection facilities

5.2. of seminary/ lab deployment

-Classroom for laboratories

6. SPECIFIC COMPETENCES ACCRUED⁾⁷⁾

PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES

C1 - Identifying the state of the ill-health and accurately diagnosing dental condition(s).

C5 - Identificarea particularităţilor diagnostice şi evolutive şi examinarea pacientului cu afecţiuni chirurgicale din sfera oro-maxilo-facială.

TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCES

CT1 - Identifying the objectives to be fulfilled, the available resources, the terms of completion, the work stages, the timeframe, the related deadlines and the inherent risks.

CT3 - Using the information and communication resources efficiently, as well as those for assisted professional development (web portals, specialized software applications, data bases, on-line courses etc.) both in Romanian and in an international language.

CT8 - Personal and professional development: to be open to lifelong learning; to have the ability to gather scientific information related to oro-maxillo-facial pathology from various documentary sources; to know how to use information and communication technology.

7.1 The general objective of the discipline

The knowledge acquire of general pathology regarding fundamental processes at different structural levels; Learning of pathology concepts specific for stomatognathic system.

7.2 The specific objectives of the discipline

Through the curricula adapted to european quality standards and in relation to other preclinical and clinical disciplines, by teaching methods and evaluation used by involving students in research and evaluation of cases, morphopathology discipline aims to train cognitive skills, abilities and attitudes on which to base the future medical acts of diagnosis,  preventive or curative.

Finally the student will be able to appropiate

COGNITIVE ABILITIES , which will allow :

• to know the macroscopic aspects of elementary, inflammatory, circulatory and tumoral lesions , and also malformations of various sites
• to recognize and analyze microscopic specimens
• to analyze the lesion in clinical context and in relation to pathophysiological and biochemical involved mechanisms
• to know the evolution and complications of lesions encountered in medical practice
• to communicate clearly, rigorous the knowledge gained and the results obtained
• to emit hypotheses about the examined injuries

PRACTICAL SKILLS

• to recognize and analyze macroscopic and microscopic specimens and appropriate use of specific equipment from laboratories of discipline
•  to form teams to analyze macroscopic and microscopic specimens, to elaborate hypotheses, debates and requirements
•  to decide the necessity of special stains
• to apply immunohistochemistry in diagnosis
• to work together to establish the diagnosis

ATTITUDES

• to recognize and have respect for diversity and multiculturalism
• to learn what teamwork means and optimize relationships within its
• to learn to make the best written and verbal communication
• to be open for the permanent accumulation of knowledge
• to understand the necessity for individual study
• to take initiative and engage in activities of discipline
• to use the written and electronic information

8.1  Course (content units)

No. hours

SEMESTER I

AP1.C1. Introduction: the anatomic pathology place in the context of biomedical sciences; the morphopathology object, history of evolution and importance; work metods in morphopathology

1

AP1.C2. The injuries and the reaction capacity of the body: general information. pathogenic factors; ways of aggressions; the tissue and organs general pathological reaction to various injuries (development disorders, metabolic disorders, circulatory disturbances, inflammatory processes, abnormal growths, tumoral processes)

1

AP 1.C3. The elementary lesions of structures:

·     Adaptive lesions: atrophy and involution, hypertrophia, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia

1

AP 1.C4. The elementary lesions of structures:

·    Reversible, irreversible cell lesion and cell death- necrosis and apoptosis

·    Lesions of accumulation (storage) of normal and abnormal substances

1

AP 1.C5. Lesions of metabolic disorders:

·     Lesions of glucidic metabolic disorders: glycogenosis, mucoviscidosis, muco-polisacharidosis, diabetes mellitus

·     Lesions of lipidic metabolic disorders: steatosis and lipomatosis, atheromatosis, dislipidemic condition (thesaurismosis)

1

AP 1.C6. Lesions of metabolic disorders:

·     Lesions of proteic metabolic disorders: aminoacids, gout

·     Minerals metabolic disorders (calcium, iron)

·     Endo-and exogen pigments metabolic disorders

·     The vitamins metabolic disorders

1

AP 1.C7. Inflamation:

·    General information, history, definition, terminology

·    Acute inflamation: the acute inflammation dynamics (vascular changes, cellular reactions, chemical mediators of inflammation); morphologycal types of acute inflammation: catharal, serous, fibrinous, purulent, haemorragic, necrotic; the evolution of acute inflammation

1

AP 1.C8. Inflamation:

·     Chronic inflammation: the chronic inflammation dynamics (mononuclear infiltration, tissue repair with fibrosis); morphologycal types of chronic inflammation (diffuse, granulomatous); tuberculosis (pathophysiology, dinamics aspects of tuberculosis inflammation, macroscopic aspects); lues; leprae

·     The regeneration and repair/organization processes: regeneration, repair/organization, morphologycal types for healing

1

AP 1.C9. Blood circulation disorders:

·    The blood volume and distribution disorders : hyperaemia and congestion, haemorragae, shock, collapse

·    Obstructive circulation disorders: thrombosis, embolism, ischaemia, infarction

1

·    AP 1.C10. Limph circulation disorders and disorders of interstitial fluid circulation:

·    Limph circulation disorders

·    Disorders of interstitial fluid circulation – the edemas

1

AP 1.C11. Neoplasia:

·    General information, limits, definition, terminology, classification;

·    Benign tumors: terminology, biomorphological features (macroscopic, microscopic, evolution)

1

AP 1.C12. Neoplasia:

·    Malign tumors: terminology, biomorphological features (macroscopic, microscopic, evolution), the

evolution of the cancer process (initiation, local and regional extension, dissemination and metastasis), cancer etiopathology

·    Immunity in tumors

1

AP 1.C13. Neoplasia:

·    The tumors classification

·    Principal types of tumors: epithelial tumors, mesenchymal tumors, nervous tumors, melanocytic

tumors, dysembryoplastic tumors, tumors with uncertain histogenesis

1

AP 1.C14.

·     Recapitulative lesson

1

TOTAL

14

SEMESTER II

AP2.C1 Dental caries:

·    Etiopathogeny, classifications

·    Dental caries morphology - enamel caries, dentine caries, cementum caries

·    Pulpo-dental response to carious process

1

AP2.C2 Dental pulp pathology (pulpopathies):

·     Etiopathogeny, classifications

·     Pulpitis: etiopathogeny, classifications, morphologic aspects

·     Necrosis and pulp gangrene

1

AP2.C3 Parodontium pathology:

·    Apical parodontium pathology- acute and chronic apical periodontitis

·    Focal infection

1

AP2.C4 Marginal periodontitis pathology:

·     Etiopathogeny, classifications, morphological variants (gingivitis, periodontitis).

1

AP2.C5 Oral mucosa pathology:

·       Specific and non-specific stomatitis

·       Oral mucosa hyperplasia

·       Prenoeplastic lesions

1

AP2.C6 Maxillary bones pathology

·       Maxillary dysplasias

Maxillary bones inflammations

1

AP2.C7 Tumors and pseudotumors of maxillary bones

·       Odontogenic tumors

1

AP2.C8 Tumors and pseudotumors of maxillary bones

·       Maxillary non-odontogenic tumors

1

AP2.C9 Salivary gland pathology:

·       Inflammations (sialoadenitis)

·        Salivary lithiasis

1

AP2.C10 Salivary gland pathology:

·       Autoimmune disease

·       Salivary gland tumors and pseudotumors

1

AP2.C11 Oral cavity tumors pathology

·       Preneoplastic lesions

1

AP2.C12 Oral cavity tumors pathology

·       Oral soft tissue benign tumors

1

AP2.C13 Oral cavity tumors pathology

·       Oral soft tissue malignant tumors

1

AP2.C14

·        Recapitulative lesson

1

TOTAL

14

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.         Mărgăritescu C, Simionescu C, Surpăţeanu M. Tumorile şi pseudotumorile maxilarelor; Ed. Medicală, Bucureşti, 2010.

2.         Bogdan F, Florescu M, Groza I, Simionescu C, Necropsia practică, Ed. Augusta Timişoara, 2000, ISBN 973-8039-42-8.

3.         Florescu M, Simionescu C, Mărgăritescu Cl. (2005), Anatomie patologică generală şi sistemică, Ed. Medicală Universitară.

4.         Kumar V, Cotran RS., Robbins SL (2007), Robbins basic pathology,  ed7, W.B. Saunders Company.

5.         Macfarlane PS., Reid R, Callander R (2000), Illustrated Pathology (Paperback), 5th edition, Churchill Livingstone.

6.         Cotran RS., Robbins SL, Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (2010), W.B. Saunders Company, (format electronic).

7.         Rubin E, Reisner HM. (2009), Essentials of Rubin's pathology, 5th Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (format electronic).

8.         Simionescu C, Mărgăritescu C, Foafă C, Ciurea R, Stepan A, Morfopatologie generală şi sistemică, vol. I şi II, Editura Medicala Universitara Craiova, 2011, ISBN 978-973-106-180-1.

9.         Simionescu Cristiana, Mărgăritescu Claudiu, Ciurea Raluca, Stepan Alex General Pathology- Lectures, Editura Medicala Universitara Craiova, Craiova, 2014, ISBN 978-973-106-237-2, 229

10.       Simionescu Cristiana, Mărgăritescu Claudiu, Ciurea Raluca, StepanAlex Systemic Pathology- Lectures, Editura Medicala Universitara Craiova, Craiova, 2014, ISBN 978-973-106-238-2, 281

11.       Underwood JCE (2007), General and systematic pathology, Part 1: Basic pathology, fourth ed., Churchill Livingstone.

8.1  PRACTICAL SCHEDULES (issues / themes)

No. hours

First semester- laboratories

AP1.LP1 Morphopathology introduction; General information

2

AP1.LP2 The anatomic pathology works methods: biopsy; cytology; extemporaneous exams; immunohistochemistry

2

AP1.LP3 Necropsy (I): death -definition, the signs of death, demonstration

2

AP1.LP4 Necropsy (II): the necropsy protocol (anatomopathological diagnosis; death causes; death certificate- completion.); anatomopathological semiology; lesions classification, demonstration

2

AP1.LP5 Cellular, interstitial , tissue elementary lesions (I): granular and granulo-vacuolar degeneration – hepatocyte, renal tubular epithelium, acute tubular necrosis, glycogenosis - liver; steatosis - liver; hemosiderosis - liver; Gaucher disease - spleen; Niemann Pick desease- spleen; atheromatosis

2

AP1.LP6 Cellular, interstitial , tissue elementary lesions (II): the keloid- skin; hyaline degeneration: corpus albicans-ovary; chronic pyelonephritis; uterine leiomyofibroma; amyloidosis-kidney; fibrinoid degeneration-rheumatoid nodule coagulation necrosis: recent infarction-kidney, myocardium; liquefaction necrosis: liver abscess; cytosteatonecrosis-pancreas; caseous necrosis: pulmonary tuberculosis; tumoral necrosis

2

AP1.LP7 Macroscopic aspects of elementary lesions:hypertrophia  and atrophia of the tissues; atheromatosis

2

AP1.LP8 Inflammatory lesions: acute fibrinous inflammation (acute fibrinous pericarditis); acute suppurative inflammation (acute purulent meningitis); delimited acute suppurative inflammation (liver abscess); difuse chronic inflammation (chronic xantomatous salpingitis); granulation tissue; chronic granulomatous inflammation (foreign body granuloma; tuberculosis granuloma)

2

AP1.LP9 Macroscopic aspects of some inflammatory lesions

2

AP1.LP10 Circulatory lesions (I): pulmonary acute edema, liver stasis, pulmonary stasis, organized arterial thrombus – coronary artery

2

AP1.LP11 Circulatory lesions (II): recent myocardium infarction; organizing myocardium infarction, myocardium infarction scar, recent renal infarction, recent pulmonary infarction

2

AP1.LP12 Different macroscpic aspects of circulatory lesions  in different tissues and organs

2

AP1.LP13 Tumoral lesions (neoplasia) (I): rectus polyp, cutaneous papilloma, salivary glandy mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma), uterine leiomyoma, mammary fibroadenoma, lipoma, cutaneous arteriolar hemangioma. Micro- and Macroscopic aspects.

2

AP1.LP14 Tumoral lesions (neoplasia) (II): carcinoma"in situ"; microcarcinoma – uterine cervix, squamous carcinoma - lung; basocellular carcinoma - skin; adenocarcinoma of the colon; fibrosarcoma; leiomyosarcoma; carcinoma ganglionar metastasis. Micro- and Macroscopic aspects.

2

TOTAL

28

Second semester - laboratories

AP2.LP1 Cardiovascular system pathology: atheromatosis; recent myocardium infarction; fibrinous pericarditis; vegetant endocarditis; rheumatismal myocarditis; myocardial sclerosis

1

AP2.LP2 Macroscopic aspects of some cardiovascular system lesions

1

AP2.LP3 Respiratory tract pathology: pulmonary emphysema; pulmonary acute edema; lobar pneumonia; bronchopneumonia; interstitial pneumonia; pulmonary tuberculosis; squamous pulmonary carcinomas

1

AP2.LP4 Macroscopic aspects of some respiratory tract lesions

1

AP2.LP5 Digestive tract pathology: non-specific parotiditis; chronic ulcer of the stomach; ulcero-necrotic enteritis; acute purulent apendicitis

1

AP2.LP6 Digestive tract pathology: aggressive chronic hepatitis; hepatic cirrhosis; adenocarcinoma of the colon; mucipar gastric carcinoma; hepatocellular carcinoma

1

AP2.LP7 Macroscopic aspects of some digestive tract lesions

1

AP2.LP8 Urinary tract pathology: acute diffuse glomerulonephritis; Acute tubular necrosis; acute pyelonephritis; chronic pyelonephritis; renal tuberculosis; Grawitz tumor; Macroscopic aspects of some urinary tract lesions

1

AP2.LP9 Female genital tract pathology: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia - CIN (Uterine cervix dysplasia);  simple hyperplasia without atypia- endometrium; fibrocystis disease (Reclus disease); squamous cervical carcinoma; adenocarcinoma of the endometrium; ductal invasive carcinoma– mammary gland

1

AP2.LP10 Male genital tract patology: prostate nodulare hyperplasia; prostate carcinoma; non-specific chronic orchiepididymitis; seminoma

1

AP2.LP11 Macroscopic aspects of some female and male genital tract lesions tract lesions

1

AP2.LP12 Nervous and endocrine systems pathology: colloid nodular goiter; Basedow disease; suprarenal adenoma; thyroidian follicular carcinoma; purulent meningitis; cerebral abscess

1

AP2.LP13 Macroscopic aspects of some previous mentioned systems lesions

1

AP2.LP14 Lymphatic system pathology: tuberculosis adenitis; carcinoma ganglionar metastasis; Hodgkin disease

1

Total

14

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.      Simionescu C, Mărgăritescu C, Foafă C, Ciurea R, Stepan A, Atlas de morfopatologie, site disciplina ,www.umfcv.ro” .

2.      Simionescu C, Mărgăritescu C, Foafă C, Ciurea R, Stepan A, Lucrari practice de Morfopatologie, Editura Medicala Universitara Craiova, 2009 ISBN 978-973-106-134-4.

3.      Rose AG. (2008), Atlas of Gross Pathology with Histologic Correlation, University of Minnesota, Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK, (format electronic).

4.      Sajin M (2000), Anatomie Patologica macroscopica, Ed. Cerma, Bucuresti.

5.      Riede UN, Werner M (2004), Color Atlas of Pathology, Thieme Stuttgart New York.

• The discipline of pathological anatomy is a fundamental discipline, mandatory for a student to become a doctor.
• The acquisition of knowledge of general pathology regarding the fundamental processes at different structural levels, as well as the acquisition of notions of specific pathology of the stomatognathic system is the foundation for understanding and learning many of the diagnostic, curative or recuperative medical acts.
• Substantiation of the lesional organic substrate of diseases with the understanding of pathogenic mechanisms, scientific explanation of the specific clinical picture, of the evolution and prognosis of diseases.
• Providing essential data in establishing a definite diagnosis and in choosing the most optimal and beneficial therapeutic conduct.

Types of activity

Teaching Techniques / learning materials and resources: exposure, interactive course, group work, learning through problems / projects

In case of special situations (alert states, emergency conditions, other types of situations that limit the physical presence of people) the activity can be carried out online using computer platforms approved by the Faculty / University (eg Webex meeting).

Course

Are used the following combined methods: explanation, lecture, examining conversation, debate, problem solving, visual demonstration

Practical work

Are used the following combined methods: observation method, the method of demonstration, case study, problem solving, heuristic conversation;

Presentation and discussion of anatomopathological cases with the correspondent anatomical-clinical correlations

Individual study

Before each course and each laboratory

11. RECOVERY PROGRAM

Absences recoveries

No. absences that can recover

Place of deployment

Period

In charge

Scheduling of topics

3/semester

Discipline

Last week of the semester

Discipline holder

According to the discipline schedule

Schedule consultations /

Students' Scientific Circle

2 hours/

week

Discipline

Weekly

Discipline holder

The theme of that week

Program for students poorly trained

8 hours/

semester

Discipline

he last two weeks

Discipline holder

According to the situation of each student

12. ASSESMENT

Form of activity

Assessment forms

Evaluation methods

Percentage of final grade

Course

Formative evaluation by survey during the semester

Summative during the exam

Exam - multiple choice tests

40%

Laboratories

Survey training during the semester

Periodic during the semester,

Summative in the last week of the semester

Oral examination

30%

Periodical checks

20%

Evaluation of individual activity

10%

Minimum performance standard

at least 50% for each component of the evaluation

13. GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING PROGRAMS

Professional guidance and counselling programs (2 hours/monthly)

Scheduling the hours

Place of deployment

In charge

Last Friday of each month

Discipline

Discipline holder